Any film that is anchored in a society, any film that deals with humanity is necessarily political.” Farhadi’s movies are no different from this viewpoint. Tehran is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. All rights reserved. The pro-West Shah earlier introduced modernity and many people were exposed to the western products, culture and lifestyle. These stories are released by the West to make sure their goals are achieved and are intentionally conceptualized to hide the reality. [4], An urban industrial working class separate from the traditional artisan class of the towns has been in the process of formation since the early twentieth century.

In this article, by analyzing Asghar Farhadi’s movie, A Separation, released in 2011, the aim is to decipher the social class structure and the struggle that exists in the contemporary Iranian society. [21]. The investigator who represents the state, even though belongs to middle class and biased to them, and his office from interior to waiting halls and his clothes, is white colored. [6] A more recent source [4] divides Iranian classes into upper, middle class (about 32% of the population in 2000), [4] working class (about 45% of the labor force), [4] and lower class. The industrialization programs of the Pahlavi shahs provided the impetus for the expansion of this class. After the Revolution, the Ministry of Labor established the Workers’ House to sponsor Islamic unions in large manufacturing concerns. The ancient Persian social hierarchy is described below in a descending order pattern. [6] A more recent source [4] divides Iranian classes into upper, middle class (about 32% of the population in 2000), [4] working class (about 45% of the labor force), [4] and lower class. Whereas the secular-religious divide cuts across all occupational groups, in general those who promote religious values and the public observance of prayers and religious rituals tend to be more heavily concentrated in the bazaar, security forces, and managerial positions in the bureaucracies than in other lines of work and other professions. Persia was also such country which was affected by this social evil.

For the most part, however, such persons did not occupy positions of political influence. The visual politics behind Farhadi’s ‘A Separation’ was to show the real side of Iran. Farhadi seizes that belief which is lost in other works and it is the same that makes his films powerful. The next morning the Islamic Republic News Agency, Iran's news agency, announced that with two-thirds of the votes counted, Ahmadinejad had won the election with 62% of the votes cast, and that Mir-Hossein Mousavi had received 34% of the votes cast. He was one of the leaders of the Iranian Revolution and one the highest-ranking authorities in Shīʿite Islam. “Nader’s demand that Termeh stand up for herself when she is short-changed by a garage worker, echoes the Green movement’s question after the disputed Presidential question, “Where is my change (vote)?” (Golsovkhi 2011). Bleiker, Roland (2018): “The Power of Images in Global Politics,” E International Relations, 8 March (https://www.e-ir.info/2018/03/08/the-power-of-images-in-global-politics/), Bradshaw, Peter (2011): “A Separation-review,” The Guardian, 30 June (https://www.theguardian.com/film/2011/jun/30/a-separation-review), Deleuze, Gilles (1985): Cinema 2-The Time Image, New Delhi: Bloomsbury, Ebert, Roger (2011): “A Separation,” 25 January (https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/a-separation-2012), Golsorki, Masoud (2011): “A Separation can’t be divorced from Iranian Politics,” The Guardian, 5 July (https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2011/jul/05/a-separation-iranian-politics), Scott, A.O (2011): “A House Divided by Exasperation,” The New York Times, 29 December (https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/30/movies/a-separation-directed-by-asghar-farhadi-review.html), Vacca, Samantha (2016): “Exploring Man-Made Divide In Asghar Farhadi’s A Separation,” 20 May (https://theplaylist.net/explores-man-made-divide-asghar-farhadis-separation-20160520/), Xueqin, Jiang (2012): “The Genius of A Separation,” The Diplomat, 27 January (https://thediplomat.com/2012/01/the-genius-of-a-separation/), First published in Countercurrents.org  – Visual Politics of Iranian Cinema: Social Class in Asghar Farhadi’s ‘A Separation’ | Countercurrents | Arts/Literature | Gokul KS, Lanthan Bathery is a blog dedicated to writings on cinema, visual politics and Global South. They have been described as "the class of people who helped make the 1979 Iranian Revolution". [12] A minority of the pre-revolutionary upper class continue to work and live within Iran. When Termeh is studying about the glorious Persian empires of the past, people like Razieh’s daughter are living outside the present and are marginalized. She keeps the nature of her job a secret from her husband, Hodjat, who as a strict Muslim would never allow her to work in a man’s household without his wife present. Iran is a theocratic state and hence, certain religious scholars and preachers are also included in the upper strata.

An estimated 7 percent of all workers were Afghan refugees in the early 2000s. Women are often shown to be behind glass and mirrors, a window or a door. All were expected to abide b… The middle class-civil servant bonhomie is discriminatory towards the working class. By the early 1970s, a distinct working-class identity, 'kargar', had emerged, although those who applied this term to themselves did not constitute a unified group.

[18], The lower class can be divided into two groups: the marginally poor, who receive regular incomes on a weekly or monthly basis; and the very poor, whose incomes vary from month to month and who thus experience difficulty in paying for food, housing, and utilities. Iranian law still favors men, but women are allowed to drive, hold public office, and attend university. [4] [16] In 2010, Iran's Department of Statistics announced that 10 million Iranians live under the absolute poverty line and 30 million live under the relative poverty line. But now more than reading an article or hearing a speech, visuals of an event captures our attention. which were identified by numbers: the first tier corresponded to the The purpose here is not to defend the Ayatollah regime in Iran. Martin Scorsese famously said – “Movies touch our hearts and awaken our vision, and change the way we see things. Its usage has often been vague whether defined in terms of occupation, income, education or social status. lower classes. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account.

The middle class people are modern, educated and are regular salaried employees. [4], Since 1979, the urban working class has continued to expand; by the early 2000s, it constituted more than 45 percent of the employed labor force. The middle class is a class of people in the middle of a social hierarchy. Rather, the working class was segmented by economic sectors: the oil industry, manufacturing, construction, and transportation; also, many members of the working class were employed as mechanics. He was considered son of the God and everyone was to bow before their king. These unions discourage strikes through a combination of cooptation of workers through periodic raises and bonuses and cooperation with authorities to identify and discipline workers who exhibit tendencies toward independence. “Iran and its complex cultural facets are inextricably intertwined with these characters” (Vacca 2016). Writers on the left favor the lower-status term working class. Farhadi’s craft has no parallels and the unique approach brings out well structured and narrated movies. The highest social class in Persian social hierarchywas the upper class. “A Separation is a portrait of a fractured relationship and an examination of theocracy, domestic rule and the politics of the sex and class” (Bradshaw 2011). The revolution was supported by various Islamist and leftist organizations and student movements. Farhadi weaves events authentically and presents social class and the struggle within and among the class with utmost integrity. The net worth of U.S. households and non-profit organizations was $107 trillion in the third quarter of 2019, a record level both in nominal terms and purchasing power parity. “Why did you ask her if hit her mum and she lost the baby? In a middle class space, gender equality seems natural. One of the most dramatic changes in government in Iran's history was seen with the 1979 Iranian Revolution where Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was overthrown and replaced by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. Religion never fails to unite people behind a flag and it happened which culminated in the Iranian Revolution of 1979. The children of the new elite generally have been encouraged to get college educations, and postgraduate degrees from foreign universities have become status symbols since the mid-1990s. It is ranked 24th in the world by the population of its metropolitan area. [4], Out of the 15,000 homeless persons in Iran, 10,000 are men. For the most part, however, such persons did not occupy positions of political influence. [14], After the revolution, the composition of the middle class did not change significantly, but its size doubled from about 15 percent of the population in 1979 to more than 32 percent in 2000. [4], Since 1979, the urban working class has continued to expand; by the early 2000s, it constituted more than 45 percent of the employed labor force.

She replies to the investigator, “I wanted to help with the bills. Iranian movies receive widespread critical acclaim and popularity in the global space for its creative richness, honesty and the striking blend with reality. Some 60% of Iran's economy is centrally planned. Similar status differences were common among workers in the oil industry and manufacturing. A study on the films even says that, “White Revolution earned its name due to its bloodless nature and likewise the acts of violence committed against Razieh causing her miscarriage are not shown on screen.”. With 10% of the world's proven oil reserves and 15% of its gas reserves, Iran is considered an "energy superpower." The industrialization programs of the Pahlavi shahs provided the impetus for the expansion of this class. The definition by any author is often chosen for political connotations.

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