65Katamba [2005: 181] also points out that this phenomenon is frequently used in Australian English: Australian English uses clipping and diminutives more frequently and in more varied ways than any other variety of the language.Aussie /ˈɒzi/ = AustralianBarbie = barbecue14, 66On a semantic and pragmatic level, Katamba [2005: 182] notes that. The following two examples have been borrowed from the American situation comedy – I mean “sitcom” – How I Met Your Mother: These swords represent our brohood (S.1, Ep.8). 'seventeen 'pounds au lieu de *seven'teen 'pounds, where two primary stresses would follow each other.  | Last modifications, Copyright © 2012 sensagent Corporation: Online Encyclopedia, Thesaurus, Dictionary definitions and more. The noun disrespect has been clipped into diss, but cannot really be pluralized because of its use as an uncountable noun. A Proposal for Correcting, Improving, and Ascertaining the English Tongue: In a Letter to the Most Honorable Robert Earl of Oxford and Mortimer, Lord High Treasurer of Great Britain (1712).

5 • Clipping: a polysyllablic lexeme is shortened in a more or less arbitrary fashion.E.g. Clipping is generally considered a linguistic phenomenon consisting in cutting up, trimming, or “mincing” a word, so as to produce a shorter version of this word by loss of material. 11The tendency we can note here is the supremacy of back-clipping over the other three types of clipping. Another related though different pattern can be added: it could be called median clipping (6% according to Tournier [1985]), in which the middle of the word is dropped: paratrooper (<< parachute trooper); breathalyser (<< breath analyser); smog (<< smoke fog).

What if clipping was not a word-formation device after all, as some linguists argue? Folk etymology may see this word as a compound (cf. They may be further subdivided into two groups: (a) words with a final-clipped stem retaining the functional morpheme: maths (mathematics), specs (spectacles); (b) contractions due to a gradual process of elision under the influence of rhythm and context. Bassac [2004: 170] refers to clipping as “un processus marginal de construction de mots” and writes: Les procédés suivants se distinguent des précédents par leur productivité extrêmement réduite. Dr. Richard Nordquist is professor emeritus of rhetoric and English at Georgia Southern University and the author of several university-level grammar and composition textbooks. Clipping tends to favor one of the four most frequent morphophonological patterns of primary lexemes. And the template goes further, as all vowel-ending clipped forms end either with a long vowel (or neutralized form for /i/), or with a diphthong (considered as a long vowel), which is coherent with the formation of primary lexemes which cannot end in a short vowel : 55 clipped forms (65.48%) end in /əʊ/; 26 clipped forms (30.95%) end in /i/; 1 clipped form (1.19%) ends in /ɑː/; 1 clipped form (1.19%) ends in /aɪ/ and 1 clipped form (1.19%) ends in /uː/.

), but the “real” etymology proves that it is not the case (see definition on, According to Tournier [1985], clipped forms can also be borrowed directly from the language where the full form originated, such as.

The semantics and pragmatics of clipping and diminutives is complex. According to Bauer (1983),[6] the easiest way to draw the distinction is to say that those forms which retain compound stress are clipped compounds, whereas those that take simple word stress are not. , etc., which explains the “longer” clipped forms. From now on, I will consider the two terms “clipping” and “truncation” as synonyms, and “shortening” as a hyperonym comprising not only clipping/truncation as one of its possible linguistic realizations, but also blends, acronyms, etc., word-formation devices which will not be studied in this paper. Many, such as mani and pedi for manicure and pedicure or mic/mike for microphone, occupy a middle ground in which their appropriate register is a subjective judgment, but succeeding decades tend to see them become more widely used. Examples: flu (influenza), frig or fridge (refrigerator), jams or jammies (pajamas/pyjamas), polly (apollinaris), rona (coronavirus), shrink (head-shrinker), tec (detective). Yet, I would like to show that such a claim is not really justified. Clipping (morphology) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In linguistics , clipping is the word formation process which consists in the reduction of a word to one of its parts (Marchand: 1969). Clipping and truncation seem to be quasi synonymous terms, clipping being the Anglo-Saxon term, whereas truncation is borrowed from French. its use is restricted to a particular field, following the so-called “specialization of meaning” phenomenon; as a consequence, the clipped form is often felt to be more technical than the full form. For lack of space, I will not analyze clippings ending in a consonant sound, but I would rather focus on the phonological consequences of clipping, as they seem recurrent, and therefore call for the tendency for clipped forms to become autonomous.

Although maybe not particularly obvious, it seems that the truncations, in addition to the meaning of the base, signal the familiarity of the speaker with the entity s/he is referring to.

14 A detailed list can be found in Katamba [2005: 181-182]. : some authors such as Stockwell & Minkova [2003] or Bauer [1993: 176] consider backformations as cases of shortening: . Clipping is generally considered a linguistic phenomenon consisting in cutting up, trimming, or “mincing” a word, so as to produce a shorter version of this word by loss of material. In linguistics, clipping is the word formation process which consists in the reduction of a word to one of its parts (Marchand: 1969). In contrast to derivational morphology and compounding, the integrity of the stems corresponding to each of the source units is rarely maintained in blending and, moreover, the manner in which they are altered does not follow a predetermined pattern. For example, a clipped form may replace the original word in everyday usage—such as the use of piano in place of pianoforte. [Plag 2003: 116]8.

Diminutives & Intensifiers in Italian, German & Other Languages, Berlin, Mouton de Gruyter, 1994. By this criterion bodbiz, Chicom, Comsymp, Intelsat, midcult, pro-am, photo op, sci-fi, and sitcom are all compounds made of clippings. According to Bauer [1993: 233], phonology would not offer the key to the study of clipping, as he deems it impossible to formalize the phonological realizations of clipping; for him, it is impossible to know how many syllables will be kept in the clipped form, whether the final syllable will be open or closed and whether the stressed syllable from the base lexeme will be included or not. Let me now examine the definitions given by linguists for “clipping” or “truncation”. According to Bauer [1993: 233], if there is compound stress, it is a clipping; if there is simple word stress, it is a blend. In linguistics, clipping is the word formation process which consists in the reduction of a word to one of its parts (Marchand: 1969). The term is also known as a clipped form, clipped word, shortening, and truncation. Examples are: cablegram (cable telegram), op art (optical art), org-man (organization man), linocut (linoleum cut). In these cases it is difficult to know whether the resultant formation should be treated as a clipping or as a blend, for the border between the two types is not always clear. What if clipping was not a word-formation device after all, as some linguists argue?

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